Science of genetics has occupied a key among
modern sciences. Its field of study extends from molecular to population
levels. It exhibits either direct or indirect relationship with many branches
of science;
1.
Genetics
and cytology (Cytogenetics)
The hereditary units or genes are formed of DNA. These are integral part of
chromosomes. The chromosomes are contained in the nucleus. The nuclei of germ
cells are the only bridges between successive generations. Therefore, our
knowledge of structure of nucleus, nuclear components and finally the structure
and properties of nucleic acids has helped in understanding the physical and
physiochemical aspects of heredity. The two sciences (cytology and genetics)
are so closely associated that they jointly constitute ‘Cytogenetics’.
2.
Genetics
and Biochemistry (Biochemical Genetics)
The chemistry of chromosomes, genes and
nucleic acids and the chemistry of various processes related to them are
studied with the help of biochemistry.
3.
Genetics
and Physiology (Physiological Genetics)
Genetics helps in explaining some very
important physiological characteristics, like blood groups, Rh factor,
alkaptoneuria, sex-determination and sex-differentiation etc. Some
physiological abnormalities like sickle cell anemia, hemophilia, colour blindness
etc. can be explain with the aid of genetics knowledge.
4.
Genetics
and Medicines (Clinical Genetics)
Genetics has also helped in finding out the
root cause of certain diseases like hemophilia, diabetes, colour blindness,
erythroblastosis foetalis etc. All these diseases are caused on account of
defective genotype. Moreover, serology and blood transfusion are two most
important fields, where genetics has directly assisted physiology and helped in
saving life of innumerable persons.
5.
Genetics
and Physics (Radiation Genetics)
The study of effect of radiations on genes
and the change in their expression is being studied widely.
6.
Genetics
and Embryology (Developmental Genetics)
The most important phenomenon of embryology
i.e. the development of a complicated body organization from a single
cell-zygote with the differentiation of various organs, structures and
characters in a definite direction must be controlled in all essentials by the
genotype of the zygote. Therefore, the science of genetics and embryology are
closely linked. As a matter of fact, biochemical, physiological and
embryological genetics cannot be isolated from one another.
7.
Genetics
and Bacteriology ( Microbial Genetics)
Bacteriology has proved a boon for the
study of a number of genetics problems. Major
studies on the genetic material (genes and chromosomes) have been conducted on
bacteria and viruses. This has unfoldedseveral doubts.
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| Fig of Branches of GENETICS |
8.
Genetics
and Evolution
The ‘Mutation
theory’, ‘Causes of variation in a Mendelian Population’ and ‘Origin of New species’ are well
illustrated by genetic knowledge. Population Genetics is the most widely studied
to illustrated the phenomenon of evolution.
9.
Genetics
and Psychology (Behavioral Genetics)
Several mental characters like idiocy,
intelligence, talent etc. are inheritable. Study of these characters has been
named ‘Behavioral Genetics’. It
naturally establishes a link between Genetics and Psychology.
10. Genetics and Agriculture (Plant Breeding)
Knowledge and techniques of Genetics are
employed for the improvement of plants yielding cereals. By cross breeding,
geneticists have tried to obtain such strains of crop plants which have better
yield or are more resistant to diseases or have more nourishing value.
11. Genetics and Animal Breeding ( Animal
Genetics)
Artificial insemination has been tried in
animals also to obtain genetically superior strains of game animals (like
horse, pigeons etc.) or the milk producing animals (like cow, buffalo)
12. Genetics and Statistics ( Biometric
Genetics)
Statistics has furnished important and indispensable tool to genetic researches.
13. Genetics and Human Ecology
The study of bacterial and viral genetics
has helped P.H.E. (Public Health and
Engineering Dept) to unlock several problems of human health and hygiene. It
has, therefore, helped in improving ecological environment of human beings.
14. Genetics and Taxonomy
Genetics has helped in solving a number of
taxonomic controversies either by tracing chromosomal relationship or by
interbreeding relationships. The recent definition of species has genetic
approach.
15. Genetics and Eugenics
Genetically studies are
being utilized for the betterment of human race.
Authored & Published by
Raj Abhisek Panda 
